Sampling bias and incorrect rooting make phylogenetic network tracing of SARS-COV-2 infections unreliable.
Identifieur interne : 000651 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000650; suivant : 000652Sampling bias and incorrect rooting make phylogenetic network tracing of SARS-COV-2 infections unreliable.
Auteurs : Carla Mavian [États-Unis] ; Sergei Kosakovsky Pond [États-Unis] ; Simone Marini [États-Unis] ; Brittany Rife Magalis [États-Unis] ; Anne-Mieke Vandamme [Belgique, Portugal] ; Simon Dellicour [Belgique] ; Samuel V. Scarpino [États-Unis] ; Charlotte Houldcroft [Royaume-Uni] ; Julian Villabona-Arenas [Royaume-Uni] ; Taylor K. Paisie [États-Unis] ; Nídia S. Trovão [États-Unis] ; Christina Boucher [États-Unis] ; Yun Zhang [États-Unis] ; Richard H. Scheuermann [États-Unis] ; Olivier Gascuel [France] ; Tommy Tsan-Yuk Lam [République populaire de Chine] ; Marc A. Suchard [États-Unis] ; Ana Abecasis [Portugal] ; Eduan Wilkinson [Afrique du Sud] ; Tulio De Oliveira [Afrique du Sud] ; Ana I. Bento [États-Unis] ; Heiko A. Schmidt [Autriche] ; Darren Martin [Afrique du Sud] ; James Hadfield [États-Unis] ; Nuno Faria [Royaume-Uni] ; Nathan D. Grubaugh [États-Unis] ; Richard A. Neher [Suisse] ; Guy Baele [Belgique] ; Philippe Lemey [Belgique] ; Tanja Stadler [Suisse] ; Jan Albert [Suède] ; Keith A. Crandall [États-Unis] ; Thomas Leitner [États-Unis] ; Alexandros Stamatakis [Allemagne] ; Mattia Prosperi [États-Unis] ; Marco Salemi [États-Unis]Source :
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [ 1091-6490 ] ; 2020.
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DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2007295117
PubMed: 32381734
PubMed Central: PMC7293693
Affiliations:
- Afrique du Sud, Allemagne, Autriche, Belgique, France, Portugal, Royaume-Uni, République populaire de Chine, Suisse, Suède, États-Unis
- Angleterre, Angleterre de l'Est, Bade-Wurtemberg, Californie, Connecticut, District de Columbia, District de Karlsruhe, Floride, Indiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Nouveau-Mexique, Oxfordshire, Pennsylvanie, Province du Brabant flamand, Région de Bruxelles-Capitale, Svealand, Vienne (Autriche), Washington (État), Île-de-France
- Bruxelles, Cambridge, Heidelberg, Karlsruhe, Louvain, Oxford, Paris, Stockholm, Vienne (Autriche)
- Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Université d'Oxford, Université de Cambridge, Université libre de Bruxelles
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type="state">Floride</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pond, Sergei Kosakovsky" sort="Pond, Sergei Kosakovsky" uniqKey="Pond S" first="Sergei Kosakovsky" last="Pond">Sergei Kosakovsky Pond</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Genomics and Evolutionary Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Institute for Genomics and Evolutionary Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marini, Simone" sort="Marini, Simone" uniqKey="Marini S" first="Simone" last="Marini">Simone Marini</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32609.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Floride</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Floride</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Magalis, Brittany Rife" sort="Magalis, Brittany Rife" uniqKey="Magalis B" first="Brittany Rife" last="Magalis">Brittany Rife Magalis</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32609.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region 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xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="province" nuts="2">Province du Brabant flamand</region><settlement type="city">Louvain</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Katholieke Universiteit Leuven</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Center for Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1349-008 Lisboa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>1349-008 Lisboa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dellicour, Simon" 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Trovão</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Division of International Epidemiology and Population Studies, Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Division of International Epidemiology and Population Studies, Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boucher, Christina" sort="Boucher, Christina" uniqKey="Boucher C" first="Christina" last="Boucher">Christina Boucher</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Computer & Information Science & Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Floride</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Computer & Information Science & Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Yun" sort="Zhang, Yun" uniqKey="Zhang Y" first="Yun" last="Zhang">Yun Zhang</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Informatics, Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Informatics, Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Scheuermann, Richard H" sort="Scheuermann, Richard H" uniqKey="Scheuermann R" first="Richard H" last="Scheuermann">Richard H. Scheuermann</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Informatics, Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Informatics, Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gascuel, Olivier" sort="Gascuel, Olivier" uniqKey="Gascuel O" first="Olivier" last="Gascuel">Olivier Gascuel</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Unité Bioinformatique Evolutive, Centre de Bioinformatique, Biostatistique et BiologieIntégrative (C3BI)-USR 3756 CNRS and Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Unité Bioinformatique Evolutive, Centre de Bioinformatique, Biostatistique et BiologieIntégrative (C3BI)-USR 3756 CNRS and Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lam, Tommy Tsan Yuk" sort="Lam, Tommy Tsan Yuk" uniqKey="Lam T" first="Tommy Tsan-Yuk" last="Lam">Tommy Tsan-Yuk Lam</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Hong Kong SAR</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Suchard, Marc A" sort="Suchard, Marc A" uniqKey="Suchard M" first="Marc A" last="Suchard">Marc A. Suchard</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biomathematics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Biomathematics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biostatistics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Biostatistics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Abecasis, Ana" sort="Abecasis, Ana" uniqKey="Abecasis A" first="Ana" last="Abecasis">Ana Abecasis</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Center for Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1349-008 Lisboa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>1349-008 Lisboa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wilkinson, Eduan" sort="Wilkinson, Eduan" uniqKey="Wilkinson E" first="Eduan" last="Wilkinson">Eduan Wilkinson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Durban 4041</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Oliveira, Tulio" sort="De Oliveira, Tulio" uniqKey="De Oliveira T" first="Tulio" last="De Oliveira">Tulio De Oliveira</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Durban 4041</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bento, Ana I" sort="Bento, Ana I" uniqKey="Bento A" first="Ana I" last="Bento">Ana I. Bento</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Indiana</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schmidt, Heiko A" sort="Schmidt, Heiko A" uniqKey="Schmidt H" first="Heiko A" last="Schmidt">Heiko A. Schmidt</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Center for Integrative Bioinformatics Vienna (CIBIV), Medical University of Vienna, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country><wicri:regionArea>Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Center for Integrative Bioinformatics Vienna (CIBIV), Medical University of Vienna, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="2">Vienne (Autriche)</region><settlement type="city">Vienne (Autriche)</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martin, Darren" sort="Martin, Darren" uniqKey="Martin D" first="Darren" last="Martin">Darren Martin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Cape Town 7925</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hadfield, James" sort="Hadfield, James" uniqKey="Hadfield J" first="James" last="Hadfield">James Hadfield</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Faria, Nuno" sort="Faria, Nuno" uniqKey="Faria N" first="Nuno" last="Faria">Nuno Faria</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement><region type="nation">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grubaugh, Nathan D" sort="Grubaugh, Nathan D" uniqKey="Grubaugh N" first="Nathan D" last="Grubaugh">Nathan D. Grubaugh</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Connecticut</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Neher, Richard A" sort="Neher, Richard A" uniqKey="Neher R" first="Richard A" last="Neher">Richard A. Neher</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4056 Basel</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>4056 Basel</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baele, Guy" sort="Baele, Guy" uniqKey="Baele G" first="Guy" last="Baele">Guy Baele</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="province" nuts="2">Province du Brabant flamand</region><settlement type="city">Louvain</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Katholieke Universiteit Leuven</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lemey, Philippe" sort="Lemey, Philippe" uniqKey="Lemey P" first="Philippe" last="Lemey">Philippe Lemey</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="province" nuts="2">Province du Brabant flamand</region><settlement type="city">Louvain</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Katholieke Universiteit Leuven</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stadler, Tanja" sort="Stadler, Tanja" uniqKey="Stadler T" first="Tanja" last="Stadler">Tanja Stadler</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, 4058 Basel</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>4058 Basel</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Albert, Jan" sort="Albert, Jan" uniqKey="Albert J" first="Jan" last="Albert">Jan Albert</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Stockholm</settlement><region nuts="2">Svealand</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Crandall, Keith A" sort="Crandall, Keith A" uniqKey="Crandall K" first="Keith A" last="Crandall">Keith A. Crandall</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Computational Biology Institute, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">District de Columbia</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Computational Biology Institute, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leitner, Thomas" sort="Leitner, Thomas" uniqKey="Leitner T" first="Thomas" last="Leitner">Thomas Leitner</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Theoretical Biology & Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Nouveau-Mexique</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Theoretical Biology & Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stamatakis, Alexandros" sort="Stamatakis, Alexandros" uniqKey="Stamatakis A" first="Alexandros" last="Stamatakis">Alexandros Stamatakis</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Computational Molecular Evolution Group, Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Computational Molecular Evolution Group, Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies, 69118 Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Karlsruhe</region><settlement type="city">Heidelberg</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Theoretical Informatics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Theoretical Informatics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Karlsruhe</region><settlement type="city">Karlsruhe</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Prosperi, Mattia" sort="Prosperi, Mattia" uniqKey="Prosperi M" first="Mattia" last="Prosperi">Mattia Prosperi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32609; salemi@pathology.ufl.edu cmavian@ufl.edu m.prosperi@ufl.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Gainesville</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Floride</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Salemi, Marco" sort="Salemi, Marco" uniqKey="Salemi M" first="Marco" last="Salemi">Marco Salemi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32609; salemi@pathology.ufl.edu cmavian@ufl.edu m.prosperi@ufl.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Gainesville</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Floride</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2020">2020</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:32381734</idno><idno type="pmid">32381734</idno><idno type="doi">10.1073/pnas.2007295117</idno><idno type="pmc">PMC7293693</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">001402</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">001402</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">001402</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Curation">001402</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">001402</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Sampling bias and incorrect rooting make phylogenetic network tracing of SARS-COV-2 infections unreliable.</title><author><name sortKey="Mavian, Carla" sort="Mavian, Carla" uniqKey="Mavian C" first="Carla" last="Mavian">Carla Mavian</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32609; salemi@pathology.ufl.edu cmavian@ufl.edu m.prosperi@ufl.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Gainesville</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Floride</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pond, Sergei Kosakovsky" sort="Pond, Sergei Kosakovsky" uniqKey="Pond S" first="Sergei Kosakovsky" last="Pond">Sergei Kosakovsky Pond</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Genomics and Evolutionary Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Institute for Genomics and Evolutionary Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marini, Simone" sort="Marini, Simone" uniqKey="Marini S" first="Simone" last="Marini">Simone Marini</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32609.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Floride</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Floride</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Magalis, Brittany Rife" sort="Magalis, Brittany Rife" uniqKey="Magalis B" first="Brittany Rife" last="Magalis">Brittany Rife Magalis</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32609.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Floride</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Floride</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vandamme, Anne Mieke" sort="Vandamme, Anne Mieke" uniqKey="Vandamme A" first="Anne-Mieke" last="Vandamme">Anne-Mieke Vandamme</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="province" nuts="2">Province du Brabant flamand</region><settlement type="city">Louvain</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Katholieke Universiteit Leuven</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Center for Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1349-008 Lisboa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>1349-008 Lisboa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dellicour, Simon" sort="Dellicour, Simon" uniqKey="Dellicour S" first="Simon" last="Dellicour">Simon Dellicour</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="province" nuts="2">Province du Brabant flamand</region><settlement type="city">Louvain</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Katholieke Universiteit Leuven</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Spatial Epidemiology Laboratory, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Spatial Epidemiology Laboratory, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Bruxelles</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Bruxelles</settlement><region nuts="2">Région de Bruxelles-Capitale</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université libre de Bruxelles</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Bruxelles</settlement><region type="region" nuts="2">Région de Bruxelles-Capitale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Scarpino, Samuel V" sort="Scarpino, Samuel V" uniqKey="Scarpino S" first="Samuel V" last="Scarpino">Samuel V. Scarpino</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Network Science Institute, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Network Science Institute, Northeastern University, Boston</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Houldcroft, Charlotte" sort="Houldcroft, Charlotte" uniqKey="Houldcroft C" first="Charlotte" last="Houldcroft">Charlotte Houldcroft</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3QG, United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3QG</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Cambridge</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Cambridge</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Angleterre de l'Est</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Villabona Arenas, Julian" sort="Villabona Arenas, Julian" uniqKey="Villabona Arenas J" first="Julian" last="Villabona-Arenas">Julian Villabona-Arenas</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Centre for the Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for the Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>London WC1E 7HT</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>London WC1E 7HT</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Paisie, Taylor K" sort="Paisie, Taylor K" uniqKey="Paisie T" first="Taylor K" last="Paisie">Taylor K. Paisie</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32609.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Floride</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Floride</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Trovao, Nidia S" sort="Trovao, Nidia S" uniqKey="Trovao N" first="Nídia S" last="Trovão">Nídia S. Trovão</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Division of International Epidemiology and Population Studies, Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Division of International Epidemiology and Population Studies, Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boucher, Christina" sort="Boucher, Christina" uniqKey="Boucher C" first="Christina" last="Boucher">Christina Boucher</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Computer & Information Science & Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Floride</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Computer & Information Science & Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Yun" sort="Zhang, Yun" uniqKey="Zhang Y" first="Yun" last="Zhang">Yun Zhang</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Informatics, Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Informatics, Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Scheuermann, Richard H" sort="Scheuermann, Richard H" uniqKey="Scheuermann R" first="Richard H" last="Scheuermann">Richard H. Scheuermann</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Informatics, Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Informatics, Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gascuel, Olivier" sort="Gascuel, Olivier" uniqKey="Gascuel O" first="Olivier" last="Gascuel">Olivier Gascuel</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Unité Bioinformatique Evolutive, Centre de Bioinformatique, Biostatistique et BiologieIntégrative (C3BI)-USR 3756 CNRS and Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Unité Bioinformatique Evolutive, Centre de Bioinformatique, Biostatistique et BiologieIntégrative (C3BI)-USR 3756 CNRS and Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lam, Tommy Tsan Yuk" sort="Lam, Tommy Tsan Yuk" uniqKey="Lam T" first="Tommy Tsan-Yuk" last="Lam">Tommy Tsan-Yuk Lam</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Hong Kong SAR</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Suchard, Marc A" sort="Suchard, Marc A" uniqKey="Suchard M" first="Marc A" last="Suchard">Marc A. Suchard</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biomathematics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Biomathematics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biostatistics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Biostatistics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Abecasis, Ana" sort="Abecasis, Ana" uniqKey="Abecasis A" first="Ana" last="Abecasis">Ana Abecasis</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Center for Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1349-008 Lisboa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>1349-008 Lisboa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wilkinson, Eduan" sort="Wilkinson, Eduan" uniqKey="Wilkinson E" first="Eduan" last="Wilkinson">Eduan Wilkinson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Durban 4041</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Oliveira, Tulio" sort="De Oliveira, Tulio" uniqKey="De Oliveira T" first="Tulio" last="De Oliveira">Tulio De Oliveira</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Durban 4041</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bento, Ana I" sort="Bento, Ana I" uniqKey="Bento A" first="Ana I" last="Bento">Ana I. Bento</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Indiana</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schmidt, Heiko A" sort="Schmidt, Heiko A" uniqKey="Schmidt H" first="Heiko A" last="Schmidt">Heiko A. Schmidt</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Center for Integrative Bioinformatics Vienna (CIBIV), Medical University of Vienna, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country><wicri:regionArea>Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Center for Integrative Bioinformatics Vienna (CIBIV), Medical University of Vienna, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="2">Vienne (Autriche)</region><settlement type="city">Vienne (Autriche)</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martin, Darren" sort="Martin, Darren" uniqKey="Martin D" first="Darren" last="Martin">Darren Martin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Cape Town 7925</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hadfield, James" sort="Hadfield, James" uniqKey="Hadfield J" first="James" last="Hadfield">James Hadfield</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Faria, Nuno" sort="Faria, Nuno" uniqKey="Faria N" first="Nuno" last="Faria">Nuno Faria</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, United Kingdom.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement><region type="nation">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Oxfordshire</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grubaugh, Nathan D" sort="Grubaugh, Nathan D" uniqKey="Grubaugh N" first="Nathan D" last="Grubaugh">Nathan D. Grubaugh</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Connecticut</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Neher, Richard A" sort="Neher, Richard A" uniqKey="Neher R" first="Richard A" last="Neher">Richard A. Neher</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4056 Basel</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>4056 Basel</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baele, Guy" sort="Baele, Guy" uniqKey="Baele G" first="Guy" last="Baele">Guy Baele</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="province" nuts="2">Province du Brabant flamand</region><settlement type="city">Louvain</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Katholieke Universiteit Leuven</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lemey, Philippe" sort="Lemey, Philippe" uniqKey="Lemey P" first="Philippe" last="Lemey">Philippe Lemey</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="province" nuts="2">Province du Brabant flamand</region><settlement type="city">Louvain</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Katholieke Universiteit Leuven</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stadler, Tanja" sort="Stadler, Tanja" uniqKey="Stadler T" first="Tanja" last="Stadler">Tanja Stadler</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, 4058 Basel</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>4058 Basel</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Albert, Jan" sort="Albert, Jan" uniqKey="Albert J" first="Jan" last="Albert">Jan Albert</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Stockholm</settlement><region nuts="2">Svealand</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Crandall, Keith A" sort="Crandall, Keith A" uniqKey="Crandall K" first="Keith A" last="Crandall">Keith A. Crandall</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Computational Biology Institute, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">District de Columbia</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Computational Biology Institute, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leitner, Thomas" sort="Leitner, Thomas" uniqKey="Leitner T" first="Thomas" last="Leitner">Thomas Leitner</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Theoretical Biology & Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Nouveau-Mexique</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Theoretical Biology & Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stamatakis, Alexandros" sort="Stamatakis, Alexandros" uniqKey="Stamatakis A" first="Alexandros" last="Stamatakis">Alexandros Stamatakis</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Computational Molecular Evolution Group, Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Computational Molecular Evolution Group, Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies, 69118 Heidelberg</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Karlsruhe</region><settlement type="city">Heidelberg</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Theoretical Informatics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Theoretical Informatics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Karlsruhe</region><settlement type="city">Karlsruhe</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Prosperi, Mattia" sort="Prosperi, Mattia" uniqKey="Prosperi M" first="Mattia" last="Prosperi">Mattia Prosperi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32609; salemi@pathology.ufl.edu cmavian@ufl.edu m.prosperi@ufl.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Gainesville</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Floride</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Salemi, Marco" sort="Salemi, Marco" uniqKey="Salemi M" first="Marco" last="Salemi">Marco Salemi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32609; salemi@pathology.ufl.edu cmavian@ufl.edu m.prosperi@ufl.edu.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Gainesville</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Floride</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</title><idno type="eISSN">1091-6490</idno><imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Betacoronavirus (MeSH)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (MeSH)</term><term>Humans (MeSH)</term><term>Pandemics (MeSH)</term><term>Phylogeny (MeSH)</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral (MeSH)</term><term>SARS Virus (MeSH)</term><term>Selection Bias (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Betacoronavirus (MeSH)</term><term>Biais de sélection (MeSH)</term><term>Humains (MeSH)</term><term>Infections à coronavirus (MeSH)</term><term>Pandémies (MeSH)</term><term>Phylogenèse (MeSH)</term><term>Pneumopathie virale (MeSH)</term><term>Virus du SRAS (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Betacoronavirus</term><term>Coronavirus Infections</term><term>Humans</term><term>Pandemics</term><term>Phylogeny</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral</term><term>SARS Virus</term><term>Selection Bias</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Betacoronavirus</term><term>Biais de sélection</term><term>Humains</term><term>Infections à coronavirus</term><term>Pandémies</term><term>Phylogenèse</term><term>Pneumopathie virale</term><term>Virus du SRAS</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" IndexingMethod="Automated" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32381734</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2020</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>18</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>19</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1091-6490</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>117</Volume><Issue>23</Issue><PubDate><Year>2020</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>09</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Sampling bias and incorrect rooting make phylogenetic network tracing of SARS-COV-2 infections unreliable.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>12522-12523</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1073/pnas.2007295117</ELocationID><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mavian</LastName><ForeName>Carla</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0003-3819-5520</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32609; salemi@pathology.ufl.edu cmavian@ufl.edu m.prosperi@ufl.edu.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pond</LastName><ForeName>Sergei Kosakovsky</ForeName><Initials>SK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute for Genomics and Evolutionary Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Marini</LastName><ForeName>Simone</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32609.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Magalis</LastName><ForeName>Brittany Rife</ForeName><Initials>BR</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0001-6088-4651</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32609.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Vandamme</LastName><ForeName>Anne-Mieke</ForeName><Initials>AM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dellicour</LastName><ForeName>Simon</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Spatial Epidemiology Laboratory, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Scarpino</LastName><ForeName>Samuel V</ForeName><Initials>SV</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0001-5716-2770</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Network Science Institute, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Houldcroft</LastName><ForeName>Charlotte</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-1833-5285</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3QG, United Kingdom.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Villabona-Arenas</LastName><ForeName>Julian</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre for the Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Paisie</LastName><ForeName>Taylor K</ForeName><Initials>TK</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-6024-2744</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32609.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Trovão</LastName><ForeName>Nídia S</ForeName><Initials>NS</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-2106-1166</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of International Epidemiology and Population Studies, Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Boucher</LastName><ForeName>Christina</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Computer & Information Science & Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhang</LastName><ForeName>Yun</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Informatics, Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Scheuermann</LastName><ForeName>Richard H</ForeName><Initials>RH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Informatics, Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gascuel</LastName><ForeName>Olivier</ForeName><Initials>O</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Unité Bioinformatique Evolutive, Centre de Bioinformatique, Biostatistique et BiologieIntégrative (C3BI)-USR 3756 CNRS and Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lam</LastName><ForeName>Tommy Tsan-Yuk</ForeName><Initials>TT</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Suchard</LastName><ForeName>Marc A</ForeName><Initials>MA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biomathematics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biostatistics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Abecasis</LastName><ForeName>Ana</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wilkinson</LastName><ForeName>Eduan</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>de Oliveira</LastName><ForeName>Tulio</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bento</LastName><ForeName>Ana I</ForeName><Initials>AI</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0001-7728-007X</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Schmidt</LastName><ForeName>Heiko A</ForeName><Initials>HA</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-2311-8592</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Center for Integrative Bioinformatics Vienna (CIBIV), Medical University of Vienna, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Martin</LastName><ForeName>Darren</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hadfield</LastName><ForeName>James</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Faria</LastName><ForeName>Nuno</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, United Kingdom.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Grubaugh</LastName><ForeName>Nathan D</ForeName><Initials>ND</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Neher</LastName><ForeName>Richard A</ForeName><Initials>RA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Baele</LastName><ForeName>Guy</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-1915-7732</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lemey</LastName><ForeName>Philippe</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Stadler</LastName><ForeName>Tanja</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Albert</LastName><ForeName>Jan</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Microbiology Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Crandall</LastName><ForeName>Keith A</ForeName><Initials>KA</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-0836-3389</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Computational Biology Institute, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Leitner</LastName><ForeName>Thomas</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0001-8160-2588</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Theoretical Biology & Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Stamatakis</LastName><ForeName>Alexandros</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Computational Molecular Evolution Group, Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute for Theoretical Informatics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Prosperi</LastName><ForeName>Mattia</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-9021-5595</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32609; salemi@pathology.ufl.edu cmavian@ufl.edu m.prosperi@ufl.edu.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Salemi</LastName><ForeName>Marco</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32609; salemi@pathology.ufl.edu cmavian@ufl.edu m.prosperi@ufl.edu.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016422">Letter</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D052061">Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013486">Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016420">Comment</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>07</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>7505876</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0027-8424</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><SupplMeshList><SupplMeshName Type="Disease" UI="C000657245">COVID-19</SupplMeshName><SupplMeshName Type="Organism" UI="C000656484">severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</SupplMeshName></SupplMeshList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><CommentsCorrectionsList><CommentsCorrections RefType="CommentOn"><RefSource>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020 Apr 28;117(17):9241-9243</RefSource><PMID Version="1">32269081</PMID></CommentsCorrections></CommentsCorrectionsList><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000073640" MajorTopicYN="N">Betacoronavirus</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018352" MajorTopicYN="Y">Coronavirus Infections</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D058873" MajorTopicYN="N">Pandemics</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010802" MajorTopicYN="N">Phylogeny</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011024" MajorTopicYN="N">Pneumonia, Viral</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D045473" MajorTopicYN="Y">SARS Virus</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015983" MajorTopicYN="N">Selection Bias</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><CoiStatement>The authors declare no competing interest.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>10</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>19</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>9</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">32381734</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">2007295117</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1073/pnas.2007295117</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC7293693</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>JMIR Public Health 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Aug;10(8):540-50</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">19564871</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>Afrique du Sud</li><li>Allemagne</li><li>Autriche</li><li>Belgique</li><li>France</li><li>Portugal</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li><li>République populaire de Chine</li><li>Suisse</li><li>Suède</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Angleterre</li><li>Angleterre de l'Est</li><li>Bade-Wurtemberg</li><li>Californie</li><li>Connecticut</li><li>District de Columbia</li><li>District de Karlsruhe</li><li>Floride</li><li>Indiana</li><li>Maryland</li><li>Massachusetts</li><li>Nouveau-Mexique</li><li>Oxfordshire</li><li>Pennsylvanie</li><li>Province du Brabant flamand</li><li>Région de Bruxelles-Capitale</li><li>Svealand</li><li>Vienne (Autriche)</li><li>Washington 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Schmidt</name></region></country><country name="Suisse"><noRegion><name sortKey="Neher, Richard A" sort="Neher, Richard A" uniqKey="Neher R" first="Richard A" last="Neher">Richard A. Neher</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Stadler, Tanja" sort="Stadler, Tanja" uniqKey="Stadler T" first="Tanja" last="Stadler">Tanja Stadler</name></country><country name="Suède"><region name="Svealand"><name sortKey="Albert, Jan" sort="Albert, Jan" uniqKey="Albert J" first="Jan" last="Albert">Jan Albert</name></region></country><country name="Allemagne"><region name="Bade-Wurtemberg"><name sortKey="Stamatakis, Alexandros" sort="Stamatakis, Alexandros" uniqKey="Stamatakis A" first="Alexandros" last="Stamatakis">Alexandros Stamatakis</name></region><name sortKey="Stamatakis, Alexandros" sort="Stamatakis, Alexandros" uniqKey="Stamatakis A" first="Alexandros" last="Stamatakis">Alexandros Stamatakis</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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